Transformasi Digital dan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Maritim: Tantangan dan Peluang dalam Operasional Pelayaran Berkelanjutan

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the effectiveness of maritime human resource (HR) management and its implications for sustainable shipping operations in Indonesia. The research focuses on HR readiness, the level of digital technology adoption, and the improvement of operational performance in national shipping companies. A quantitative descriptive method was employed by distributing questionnaires to 120 respondents, comprising operational managers, chief engineers, and HR staff from 10 shipping companies in Surabaya and Batam. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with a 5% significance level. The findings revealed that digital transformation had a significant positive effect on HR management effectiveness (68%) and on operational efficiency (72%). Moreover, 81% of respondents stated that the implementation of digital systems such as e-logbooks, online manning platforms, and IoT-based monitoring tools improved crew productivity. However, the main challenges remained the lack of digital competence (54%) and resistance to changes in work culture (47%). The study concludes that integrating digital technologies accompanied by HR capacity building is the key to achieving efficient, adaptive, and sustainable shipping operations.