The Transformation of E-Procurement and Digitalization to Promote Environmentally Friendly Practices in the Supply Chain

Abstract

Digital transformation in maritime procurement through e-procurement is increasingly becoming a strategic tool for increasing efficiency while supporting the ecosystem. Global pressure for environmentally friendly practices demands innovations that not only reduce costs and accelerate procurement processes but also strengthen transparency and traceability in maritime supply chains. This research uses a conceptual qualitative approach with thematic analysis based on a literature review of scientific journals, industry reports, and empirical studies from 2020–2025. Data were analyzed through pattern identification, concept synthesis, and source triangulation to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. The results indicate that e-procurement significantly reduces the use of physical resources, strengthens supply chain traceability, and facilitates supplier selection based on environmental certification. Digitalization accelerates information flow, optimizes green logistics, and builds transparency-based governance. This research addresses questions regarding the implementation of e-procurement in the maritime environment, the factors influencing its effectiveness, and the integrative mechanisms between digital capabilities, procurement processes, and organizational governance to strengthen sustainable outcomes. These findings confirm that e-procurement is not simply a technological tool, but rather a catalyst for transforming maritime supply chain practices into more competitive and environmentally friendly ones. The research's contribution lies in integrating digitalization and demand perspectives, while also providing a conceptual framework that can broaden the scope of research and support green supply chain development policies.